Knowledge Check: Cardiac History Exam
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
When asking about gestational and perinatal history, which of the following infectious exposure is most important to ask about?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 2, 00:08. All infections are important to know about, but certain ones are more likely to be associated with cardiac disease.
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
Which two parts of the history are crucial to ask about in an infant when trying to determine if a major cardiac defect is present?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 2, 00:09. Infants with a major cardiac defect have increased energy expenditure even with basic activities.
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
Which two locations are ideal for evaluating peripheral pulses in an infant?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 3, 00:23. Your exam will allow you to determine if there is a difference between upper and lower extremity pulses.
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
Which of the following correctly pairs the heart sound with the valve closure that it represents?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 3, 0:47. S1 and S2 are normal heart sounds, whereas S3 and S4 represent gallops. First, the mitral and tricuspid valves close, then the aortic and pulmonary valves close.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
A widely split S2 sound can be caused by which of the following?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 3, 1:15. The S2 is caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves. A widely split S2 suggests that the pulmonary valve closes much later than the aortic valve, which can be indicative of an electrical delay.
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
Where on the chest should the stethoscope be placed in order to listen for a ventricular septal defect murmur?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 5, 02:03. A ventricular septal defect allows for flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle.
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
A child is noted to have a grade 2 systolic murmur. Which of the following best describes a grade 2 murmur?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 4, 00:50. Grade 1 murmurs are the quietest, while grade 6 are the loudest.
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
Which of the following correctly pairs the type of systolic murmur with the defect they are caused by?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 5, 00:13. Stenosis of the pulmonary and aortic valves will best be heard mid systole.
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
Which of the following features of a murmur is always concerning for pathologic cardiac defect?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 5, 02:32. Systolic murmurs can have a variety of causes, but are not always necessarily pathologic.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
A 7-year-old boy is noted to have an S3 gallop at the apex on exam. Which of the following statements is correct?
Hint
Hint: Chapter 5, 02:26. Gallops refer to S3 and S4, which are extra sounds that can be heard in addition to S1 and S2. Typically the order is S4 S1 S2 S3.
