Knowledge Check: Abusive Head Trauma
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
Hint
Due to the potential for extensive brain trauma, there is significant mortality associated with abusive head injury.
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
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Medical providers are encouraged to develop a broad differential and consider Abusive Head Trauma, as the diagnosis is often challenging to make since caretakers may not be fully forthcoming about the events contributing to the child’s presentation, clinical symptoms can be nonspecific, there may be no outward signs of physical injury, and radiographic findings can be missed or inaccurately diagnosed.
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
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Abusive Head Trauma and child abuse, in general, crosses all socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic divides. No child is immune to being abused.
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
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Described in 77-89% of patients with Abusive Head Trauma, the subdural hemorrhage is the most common intracranial finding.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
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An associated finding in Abusive Head Trauma, retinal hemorrhages have an incidence ranging from 50-95%. Thus, they are not present in all cases of Abusive Head Trauma.
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
Hint
The diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma requires a comprehensive and complete evaluation with consideration of underlying medical conditions, which may exacerbate the presenting symptoms. Moreover, a differential diagnosis should be considered for associated findings such as subdural hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage, as their mere presence is not diagnostic of Abusive Head Trauma.
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
Hint
The characteristics of retinal hemorrhages described in Abusive Head Trauma are extensive and involve multiple layers of the retina. Subject to excessive acceleration/deceleration forces, traction can be exerted at various points of the retinal vessels and layers causing tearing or splitting of delicate retinal vessels and tissues.
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
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As other children/siblings may be exposed to the perpetrator in question, it is most prudent that they be examined, as well.
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
Hint
With increasing chronologic age, academic demands, and tracking of developmental milestones, the extent of the neurologic and cognitive sequelae gradually becomes apparent in the survivor of Abusive Head Trauma.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
Hint
Although infant crying is a normal, developmentally appropriate behavior in the first few months of life, research has shown that crying is a common precipitant to Abusive Head Trauma.